நாணுடைமை

Modern interpretation

True modesty is feeling shame about doing wrong, not merely feeling shy. For example, a student who admits copying an answer and makes amends shows real modesty.

Modern interpretation

Food, clothing, and other needs are common to everyone; what especially marks a good person is the modesty that keeps them from shameful acts. For example, someone may dress like everyone else but stand out by refusing to cheat.

Modern interpretation

Just as the body gives life a home, modesty gives a person's excellence its inner support. For example, a talented leader who still feels responsible after hurting someone has character, not just ability.

Modern interpretation

Modesty is an ornament of the noble; without it, their proud behavior becomes painful for everyone around them. For example, a successful manager who boasts after causing harm makes authority feel like arrogance.

Modern interpretation

People who feel shame not only for their own wrongdoing but also for harm done to others become a true home for modesty. For example, a teammate who speaks up when someone is mocked shows concern beyond personal reputation.

Modern interpretation

People of true greatness use modesty and self-restraint as their protection, rather than relying on wealth or status. For example, a powerful employee who refuses a corrupt shortcut is safer in the long run because their principles guard them.

Modern interpretation

Those who deeply value modesty would rather accept a serious loss than protect themselves through a shameful act. For example, a student may give up an unfair advantage rather than win by cheating.

Modern interpretation

When someone does what decent people would be ashamed of and feels no shame, virtue has effectively left them. For example, sharing a private photo to embarrass someone and laughing about it shows this loss of conscience.

Modern interpretation

Breaking one's principles can disgrace a family, but living without shame can destroy one's own character and well-being. For example, repeated dishonest deals may damage both a family's name and the person's future.

Modern interpretation

Someone without modesty or conscience moves through life like a puppet pulled by strings. For example, a person who joins in bullying just to win online approval is being controlled by the crowd rather than guided by judgment.