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Modern interpretation

Those who constantly crave alcohol lose both their good name and the respect that makes others take them seriously. For example, a talented worker may be passed over for responsibility after repeatedly arriving drunk or unreliable.

Modern interpretation

Anyone who wants the respect of wise and honorable people should stay away from alcohol. For example, a student who wants teachers and future employers to trust them protects that reputation by refusing a drink that could impair judgment.

Modern interpretation

If drunkenness is painful for a mother to witness, it will be even more shameful before wise and honorable people. For example, if a parent cannot bear to see their child intoxicated, that child should understand how the behavior affects mentors and family.

Modern interpretation

Heavy drinking drives away modesty and self-respect. For example, someone who becomes reckless at parties may say or do things they would never accept when sober.

Modern interpretation

Paying to lose awareness of yourself is a foolish bargain. For example, buying alcohol to escape stress can leave a person unable to control their words, choices, or safety.

Modern interpretation

A person who repeatedly drinks is like someone taking poison: both surrender their clear awareness. For example, regular heavy drinking can damage health and make ordinary life feel as if the person is barely present.

Modern interpretation

Even secret drinking is rarely secret for long; signs of intoxication invite ridicule from those nearby. For example, a student who hides alcohol use may still be exposed by slurred speech and unsteady behavior.

Modern interpretation

A drunkard should not claim never to drink, because intoxication can reveal what they tried to hide. For example, someone who denies drinking may confess or behave recklessly once they lose control.

Modern interpretation

Reasoning with someone who is deeply drunk is as useless as searching underwater for a drowned person with a torch. For example, wait until a drunk friend is sober before discussing their dangerous choices.

Modern interpretation

When a sober drinker sees another person staggering drunk, they should remember that alcohol can make them look the same. For example, watching a friend embarrass themselves at a party should be a warning, not an invitation to repeat it.